Manuel Joaquim Ferreira dos Santos
Diaspora

Manuel Joaquim Ferreira dos Santos

62 years old Champigny-sur-Marne (Paris suburbs) Retired (former construction worker/painter)

Top Concerns

1

Portuguese identity transmission

"My grandchildren don't speak Portuguese. It dies with them."

2

Village decline

"Our village has 50 people now. It had 500 when I was young."

3

Portugal's direction

"Is it getting better or losing itself?"

4

Children's disconnect

"They're French. They don't feel Portugal like I do."

5

Return decision

"We built the house to retire there. But Lurdes has doctors here. Do we go?"

Values Profile

Schwartz Human Values Model

Self-Transcendence 4/5
Openness to Change 2/5
Self-Enhancement 2/5
Conservation 5/5

Background

Manuel left Portugal in 1980, nineteen years old, escaping military service and poverty. His village in Trás-os-Montes had nothing—no jobs, no future. France had construction boom and needed hands. He took a train with a cardboard suitcase and two addresses written on paper.

Forty-five years later, he's still in France, but never stopped being Portuguese. He married Lurdes (also from Trás-os-Montes, met at a Portuguese dance), raised three children who speak French better than Portuguese, built a house in the village for retirement. Every August, the whole family caravans back—the Portuguese return migration that doubles village populations for one month.

His children are French. They have French spouses, French careers, French lives. His grandchildren barely speak Portuguese despite his efforts. The house in the village will be theirs someday, but will they want it? Who will maintain the traditions when his generation is gone?

Manuel follows Portuguese politics religiously. He reads Portuguese newspapers, watches RTP Internacional, argues with other Portuguese in the café about what's happening "back home." He's voted in every election from the consulate. Portugal is still his country, even if he'll die in France.

Economic Situation

Income level

Lower middle (French pension ~€1,400/month)

Income source

French social security pension

Financial stress

Low (owns two properties)

0

Trajectory

Stable; French pension secure

Hopes

For themselves

his family

"I want my grandchildren to know they're Portuguese too. To visit the village, learn the language, understand where they come from."

himself

"I want to die in Portugal. In my house, in my village. But I want Lurdes to be okay, and I want the family to come together at least one more time."

Personal fears

"That we're the last generation who really cares. That the house becomes another ruin. That Portugal becomes foreign to my own blood."

Political fears

"Chega worries me. I remember Salazar's time—not personally, but the stories. Portugal fought for democracy. Don't let it slip."

How he'd describe emigration

"We left because we had to. Portugal couldn't feed us. France gave us work, dignity, a future. But we paid a price—our children are French, our grandchildren don't understand us, and the Portugal we dreamed of returning to has changed beyond recognition. Was it worth it? For the children, yes. For us... I still don't know."

What he'd say to young Portuguese considering emigration

"Go if you must. We all did. But know what you're leaving behind. It's not just a country—it's who you are. Keep the language, keep the ties, keep coming back. Or one day you'll look in the mirror and not recognize the Portuguese person you were supposed to be."

On voting from abroad

"I vote in every election. Portugal is still my country, even from here. Those who say emigrants shouldn't have a voice don't understand—we never stopped being Portuguese. We just had to be Portuguese somewhere else."

For Portugal

Portugal

"I hope Portugal thrives. That young people can stay—not leave like I did. That the villages don't die. That it becomes a country worth staying in."

Fears

For themselves

Personal fears

"That we're the last generation who really cares. That the house becomes another ruin. That Portugal becomes foreign to my own blood."

How he'd describe emigration

"We left because we had to. Portugal couldn't feed us. France gave us work, dignity, a future. But we paid a price—our children are French, our grandchildren don't understand us, and the Portugal we dreamed of returning to has changed beyond recognition. Was it worth it? For the children, yes. For us... I still don't know."

What he'd say to young Portuguese considering emigration

"Go if you must. We all did. But know what you're leaving behind. It's not just a country—it's who you are. Keep the language, keep the ties, keep coming back. Or one day you'll look in the mirror and not recognize the Portuguese person you were supposed to be."

On voting from abroad

"I vote in every election. Portugal is still my country, even from here. Those who say emigrants shouldn't have a voice don't understand—we never stopped being Portuguese. We just had to be Portuguese somewhere else."

For Portugal

Political fears

"Chega worries me. I remember Salazar's time—not personally, but the stories. Portugal fought for democracy. Don't let it slip."

Information Sources

Where they get their information

👥

community

High Trust

Portuguese association, church, café regulars

Trust level
🌐

online

Medium Trust

Portuguese news sites, Facebook

Trust level
📱

social media

Medium Trust

Facebook, WhatsApp

Trust level
📺

tv

High Trust

RTP Internacional, France 24

Trust level